The Russian government news agency reports, based on that country’s worn-out foreign intelligence agency, the SVR, indicated that Ukraine was preparing to strike major targets in Poland and Romania to pull NATO into the conflict and raise the spectre of "World War III."

Moscow made the association with recent drone incidents near Polish and Romanian airspace and surmised the Ukrainians were to blame, even though both Warsaw and Bucharest asserted that the drone incursions were Russian drones knowingly violating airspace.

Maria Zakharova, spokeswoman for the Russian government, also insisted that Ukraine was planning false flag operations against its neighbors, taking the opportunity to assert that Europe had never in modern times been so close to the outbreak of World War III. Analysts note, however, that such statements may just be covers for Russian operations too.

Propaganda and False Flag Warnings
Experts explain that Russia often begins with accusations of provocations by others as it sets up false flags. Disinformation tactics were used before the 2022 full scale invasion as examples of similar behavior. The statements and disinformation tactics being used are most likely designed to target opinions in Russia.

Observers note that by portraying Ukraine as the aggressor, it allows the Kremlin to tell its population that because Ukraine is doing aggressive things, Ukraine does not want peace. This also aligns with Russia's long-term goals of discrediting Ukraine to audiences outside Ukraine and undermining European solidarity.

Discouraging European Support
The disinformation campaign seems to be part of a broader effort to convince Western states to cease support for Kyiv. Framing Ukraine's position as reckless gives Russian outlets the ability to claim responsibility for the instability in the region, in a manner that cheapens the airspace violations by Russian jets over Estonia, for example.

Analysts say an ominous-sounding warning about a Ukrainian attack does not dismiss the reality that Russia itself would carry out the same action against its neighbors. There are also numerous actions involving sabotage in Poland linked to Russian operatives in recent years. In fact, Russia has been accused of waging hybrid warfare across Europe to carry out arson and sabotage of governments and stability in the face of a unified Europe.

That Russian operations related to sabotage and other covert activity in Europe have risen by nearly fourfold from 2023 to 2024 shows the extent of Russian hybrid warfare and how the Moscow machine continues to ramp up unconventional means of influence even while the ongoing conflict continues elsewhere.